SCREENING DESCRIPTION

The main objective of a hypertension screening is to identify individuals with elevated blood pressure levels, allowing for early intervention and management to reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases, such as heart attacks and strokes.

Procedure:

1. Preparation: Participants are asked to sit quietly for 5 minutes before the measurement to ensure an accurate reading. They should avoid caffeine, exercise, and smoking for at least 30 minutes prior to the screening.

2. Measurement: Blood pressure is measured using a sphygmomanometer (blood pressure cuff) or an automatic blood pressure monitor. The cuff is placed around the upper arm and inflated to restrict blood flow. The pressure is then slowly released while the device measures the systolic and diastolic pressures.

3. Reading and Interpretation:

   • Systolic Pressure: The pressure in the arteries when the heart beats (the higher number).
   • Diastolic Pressure: The pressure in the arteries when the heart rests between beats (the lower number).

   Blood pressure readings are categorized as follows:

   • Normal: Less than 120/80 mmHg
   • Elevated: 120-129/<80 mmHg
   • Hypertension Stage 1: 130-139/80-89 mmHg
   • Hypertension Stage 2: 140 or higher/90 or higher mmHg
   • Hypertensive Crisis: Higher than 180/120 mmHg (requires immediate medical attention)

Follow-Up:

• Results Discussion:  discuss the results with participants, explaining what their readings mean and providing advice on lifestyle changes or further medical evaluation if necessary.
• Referral: Individuals with elevated or high blood pressure may be referred to a primary care physician for further evaluation and management.

Importance:

Early detection of hypertension is crucial as it often has no symptoms but can lead to serious health issues if left untreated. Regular screenings help manage blood pressure through lifestyle changes, medications, and ongoing monitoring, significantly reducing the risk of heart disease and stroke.